Stage 4 nodules require microbial tenants before stage 5.

A watercolor anatomical plate on cream stock depicts a spotted bovine with a row of rounded dorsal nodules, a bar chart showing nodule count distribution peaking at 2-3, and a cross-section diagram labeled with keratinized cap, enzyme chamber, fibrous core, microbial layer, and capillary network. Six comparison silhouettes in the upper right illustrate variants from zero nodes to seven or more, and a developmental sequence of five stages runs along the bottom center. The footer reads 'Approved for agricultural reference by the Council of Rural Biology, Division of Adaptive Livestock Studies.'

Jul 8, 2026

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